1.贵州师范大学化学与材料科学学院,贵州 贵阳 550000
2.贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州 贵阳 550000
熊美(1997年生),女;研究方向:环境污染化学;E-mail: gzsfdx@gznu.edu.cn
孙荣国(1984年生),男;研究方向:环境污染化学;E-mail: srg@gznu.edu.cn
纸质出版日期:2023-11-25,
网络出版日期:2023-07-31,
收稿日期:2023-02-09,
录用日期:2023-04-27
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熊美,周秋文,孙荣国.1951—2021年贵州气温和降雨变化特征[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2023,62(06):22-30.
XIONG Mei,ZHOU Qiuwen,SUN Rongguo.Characteristics of the temperature and rainfall variations in Guizhou during 1951-2021[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2023,62(06):22-30.
熊美,周秋文,孙荣国.1951—2021年贵州气温和降雨变化特征[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2023,62(06):22-30. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2023D014.
XIONG Mei,ZHOU Qiuwen,SUN Rongguo.Characteristics of the temperature and rainfall variations in Guizhou during 1951-2021[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2023,62(06):22-30. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2023D014.
为探讨贵州省气温和降雨量在不同时间尺度下的变化特征、突变情况、相互关系与未来发展趋势,利用线性趋势、累积距平、Mann-Kendal(M-K)检验、
R
/
S
(重标极差分析法)分析等方法,分析了1951—2021年贵州气象站的逐日气温和降雨量数据。结果表明,贵州省年平均气温、年最高和最低气温的上升速率分别为0.08、0.11和 0.25 ℃/10a,年最低气温对全球气候变暖的响应最敏感,秋、冬两季对年平均气温的上升贡献最大,这主要受西伯利亚高压和东亚冬季风影响所致。贵州省气温变化趋势与全国大体一致,从1990s开始显著增温;2009年为年平均气温显著突变年,呈显著上升趋势。贵州省年降雨量以23.46 mm/10a的速率显著下降;冬季降雨量呈上升趋势,春、夏、秋季均为下降趋势;平均夏季降雨量占年降雨量的51%;年降雨量从20世纪80年代开始显著下降;1986、1990和1992年分别为年、春季、秋季降雨量的显著突变年,均呈显著下降趋势。年降雨量与气温呈负相关关系;气温和降雨量的Hurst指数表明,贵州未来的气温仍维持升温趋势,降雨量仍维持下降趋势,贵州省的气候持续为暖干趋势。
To explore the characteristics of temperature and rainfall in Guizhou Province
the daily temperature and rainfall data of Guizhou weather stations from 1951-2021 were analyzed at different time scales by using methods such as linear trend
cumulative anomaly
Mann-Kendal(M-K) test
and R/S (re-scale range analysis). The results show that the increasing rate of the annual mean
annual maximum
and minimum temperature were 0.08 °C/10a
0.11 °C/10a
and 0.25 °C/10a
respectively
and the annual minimum temperature was the most sensitive to global warming. The autumn and winter seasons contributed the most to the annual mean temperature increase
mainly influenced by Siberian high pressure and East Asian winter winds. The temperature evolution of Guizhou was generally consistent with that of China and has increased significantly since the 1990s. The annual mean temperature in 2009 showed a significant increase. The annual rainfall decreased significantly at a rate of 23.46 mm/10a. The rainfall in spring
summer
and autumn showed a downward trend
while in winter it showed an upward trend. The rainfall in summer accounted for 51% of the annual rainfall. The annual rainfall has declined obviously since the 1980s. 1986
1990
and 1992 showed sharp decrease in annual
spring
and autumn precipitation
respectively. The annual rainfall is negatively correlated with temperature. The Hurst index of temperature and rainfall indicated that the temperature in Guizhou continued to rise and the rainfall continued to decline
and the climate in Guizhou may continue to be warm and dry. This study provided a reference for predicting the future temperature and rainfall in Guizhou Province.
降雨气温趋势分析贵州省
rainfalltemperaturetrend analysisGuizhou Province
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