1.中山大学土木工程学院,广东 珠海 519082
2.中山大学水资源与环境研究中心,广东 广州 510275
3.广东省华南地区水安全调控工程技术研究中心,广东 广州 510275
冯莹莹(1998年生),女;研究方向:水文水资源;E-mail:fung7@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
胡茂川(1986年生),男;研究方向:水资源与水环境;E-mail:hu-maochuan@163.com
纸质出版日期:2023-03-25,
网络出版日期:2022-11-07,
收稿日期:2022-05-30,
录用日期:2022-07-10
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冯莹莹,胡茂川,谭学志等.基于1∶5万地形图的历史土地利用重建及其时空演变分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2023,62(02):104-112.
FENG Yingying,HU Maochuan,TAN Xuezhi,et al.The reconstruction and spatial-temporal analysis of historical land use based on 1∶50 000 topographic map —A case study of the Mei River Basin[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2023,62(02):104-112.
冯莹莹,胡茂川,谭学志等.基于1∶5万地形图的历史土地利用重建及其时空演变分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2023,62(02):104-112. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2022D031.
FENG Yingying,HU Maochuan,TAN Xuezhi,et al.The reconstruction and spatial-temporal analysis of historical land use based on 1∶50 000 topographic map —A case study of the Mei River Basin[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2023,62(02):104-112. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2022D031.
重建历史时期土地利用对研究地表覆盖长期变化具有重要意义。为了解历史土地利用演变过程,本文采用1930年1∶5万军事地形图,基于一套集配准-校验-重构-修正一体的自动化程度高的历史地图重构技术,重建梅江流域土地利用格局。在此基础上,通过1930年、1980年和2020年的土地利用数据,计算土地利用转移矩阵与景观格局指数,并采用移动窗口法分析该流域的土地利用与景观格局的时空演变特征。结果表明,军事地形图经过历史地图重建模型配准、误差控制和数字化后,可用于土地利用变化等相关研究。1930—2020年期间,随着城市化发展与大面积修建水利工程,流域内各类土地利用类型占比不断发生变化,以耕地、林草地和城乡居民用地之间的转移交换最为突出。在类型水平方面,林草地为主要的优势景观,而城乡居民用地在人类活动的影响下呈集中式发展。在景观水平方面,流域内各土地利用类型逐渐向均衡化发展,下游地区破碎化与异质性程度增幅显著。研究为历史地理要素重构提供了参考,对广东省梅江流域土地利用变化和景观格局研究具有重要意义。
The reconstruction of historical land use has essential significance for long-term land cover change research. In an effort to better clarify the historical land use evolution, this study developed a highly automated historical map reconstruction technique based on a 1∶50 000 military topographic map of 1930. Specifically, we integrated alignment, calibration, reconstruction, and correction for reconstructing the land use pattern of the Mei River Basin. The study adopted the land use transition matrix, landscape pattern index, and moving window method for analyzing spatial-temporal changes in watershed landscape patterns based on the land use data in 1930,1980, and 2020. The results showed that military topographic maps could be applied to related research on land use change after the acceptable registration, error control, and digitization of the historical map reconstruction model. With the urbanization and the construction of large-scale water conservancy projects, the proportion of land use types constantly changed, while the transfer and exchange of cultivated land, forest and grassland, and urban-rural land were quite prominent between 1930 and 2020. At the class level, forest and grassland were the dominant landscape but the urban-rural land developed intensively under the influence of human activities. In terms of the landscape level, land use distribution had gradually developed equally and the fragmentation and heterogeneity had increased significantly in the downstream areas. This study provided a reference for the reconstruction of historical and geographical elements, and had great significance for the land use change and landscape pattern of the Mei River Basin in Guangdong Province.
历史土地利用重构历史地图GIS技术景观格局
historical land usereconstructionhistorical mapsGIS techniquelandscape pattern
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