1.广东省气候中心,广东 广州 510641
2.重庆市气候中心,重庆 401147
3.南方电网数字电网研究院有限责任公司,广东 广州 510555
伍红雨(1969年生),女;研究方向:气候特征、变化及机理研究;E-mail:492019784@qq.com
纸质出版日期:2022-03-25,
网络出版日期:2021-05-12,
收稿日期:2020-12-07,
录用日期:2021-03-11
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伍红雨,吴遥,郭尧.华南冬季区域性暴雨过程强度异常的成因分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2022,61(02):8-17.
WU Hongyu,WU Yao,GUO Yao.On the causes of abnormal intensity of regional winter rainstorm processes in South China[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2022,61(02):8-17.
伍红雨,吴遥,郭尧.华南冬季区域性暴雨过程强度异常的成因分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2022,61(02):8-17. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2020D073.
WU Hongyu,WU Yao,GUO Yao.On the causes of abnormal intensity of regional winter rainstorm processes in South China[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2022,61(02):8-17. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2020D073.
利用1961—2018年华南192个气象观测站逐日降水资料,客观定量评估华南冬季区域性暴雨过程,确定强的冬季区域性暴雨过程和冬季暴雨强年。利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用合成分析方法研究华南冬季暴雨强年的气候背景和强区域性暴雨过程的天气特征,其气候和天气共同的特点是:冬季在对流层高层,中南半岛、南海到华南的西风急流加强,中层东亚大槽减弱,西太平洋副热带高压加强,低层南支槽和偏南气流加强,水汽辐合加强。差异表现在对于日尺度的华南冬季强暴雨过程,其北半球副热带异常环流波列结构非常明显,具有类似夏季北半球对流层高层的“丝绸之路遥相关型”特点,但波列中心位置在冬季较夏季明显偏南,同时华南距平异常环流更加显著,低层偏南气流风速大,水汽的辐合非常突出。对于冬季暴雨强年,上年7~12月,赤道中东太平洋以及热带印度洋、南海的海温偏高,热带西太平洋海温偏低,有利于华南冬季暴雨的发生,超强厄尔尼诺的发生对应华南冬季暴雨偏强。所以冬季尺度的环流和前期海温反映了华南出现区域性暴雨的大气环流和海温的气候背景,而日尺度的大气环流异常更能体现其异常的天气学特征。
Based on the daily precipitation data of 192 meteorological observation stations in South China during 1961-2018, the regional rainstorm processes in winter in South China are evaluated objectively and quantitatively, and the annual rainstorm intensity index and regional strong winter rainstorms are determined. Based on the reanalysis of NCEP/NCAR data, combining with other methods, the climate background of the severe winter rainstorm in South China and the weather characteristics of the regional rainstorm processes are studied. The common characteristics of climate and weather are as follows: The westerly jet strengthens in the upper troposphere in winter in the Indo-China Peninsula and the South China Sea, the East Asian Trough weakens in the middle layer, the subtropical high over the Western Pacific strengthens, the southern branch trough and southerly current at the lower level strengthen, and the water vapor convergence strengthens. The difference is presented in the heavy rain process at the daily scale in South China in winter, in which the wave train structure of the northern hemisphere subtropical abnormal circulation is very obvious, similar to the ‘remote correlation of silk road’ in the upper troposphere of the northern hemisphere in summer circulation characteristics, but the center of oscillation is southerly in winter than it in summer. For the strong winter rainstorm year, the SST is higher in the equatorial Middle East Pacific, the tropical Indian Ocean, and the South China Sea, while it is lower in the tropical western Pacific from July to December in last year, which was conducive to the occurrence of winter rainstorm in South China. Therefore, the seasonal scale (particularly in winter) circulation and early SST reflect the climate background of the regional rainstorm in South China, while the daily scale atmospheric circulation anomaly can better reflect its abnormal weather characteristics.
区域性暴雨过程强度大气环流海温冬季华南
regional rainstorm processintensityatmospheric circulationSSTwinterSouth China
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