最新刊期
卷 61 ， 期 6 ， 2022
- 摘要：Arsenic pollution of groundwater in the mining areas leads to serious problems in environmental impact and human health. The biogeochemical cycle of sulfur plays a critical role in the release, migration, and transformation of arsenic in groundwater in the mining areas. Notably, arsenic and sulfur undergo similar chemical and biological redox reactions, and their biogeochemical cycles are often interconnected, making it difficult to clarify the influence of the sulfur cycle on the transformation of arsenic. Accordingly, clarifying the impact mechanism of the biochemical sulfur cycle on the formation and conversion of arsenic is the core to controlling the arsenic pollution in groundwater in mining areas. This article reviews the roles of various biochemical sulfur processes including sulfate reduction, sulfide oxidation, and sulfur disproportionation in the arsenic formation and transformation. It is demonstrated that the dissimilatory sulfate reduction process plays a dual role in the formation and conversion of arsenic in groundwater in mining areas. The sulfur oxidation process has the potential to immobilize arsenic by using free or arsenic-bound sulfur as an electron donor to directly or indirectly transform arsenic and thioarsenat to arsenate, or reduce arsenate. Furthermore, as an important biogeochemical sulfur processes, sulfur disproportionation may also involve in the migration and transformation of arsenic in groundwater. In brief, transformations involving sulfur significantly impact the fate of environmental arsenic. The current status and prospect of the S-As coupling cycle on the arsenic pollution control of groundwater in mining areas were also discussed. Firstly, the reaction conditions of the sulfur biochemical reaction process should be investigated and the mechanism of arsenic transformation during the biogeochemical cycle of sulfur should be developed. Secondly, the sulfur-arsenic coupling transformation biogeochemical model should be constructed by integrating the reaction kinetic model of the sulfur biogeochemical cycle and the arsenic-sulfur hydrochemical model. Finally, the mechanism of arsenic transformation in groundwater should be elucidated to develop the controlling strategies for arsenic pollution. The findings will improve the understanding of arsenic pollution in mining area, and provide scientific advice for arsenic-contaminated mining groundwater treatment.关键词：high-sulfur mining areas;groundwater;arsenic pollution;sulfate-reducing bacteria;biogeochemical sulfur cycle
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发布时间：2023-11-01
Invited review
- 摘要：Under the background of national fitness policy，studying the influence mechanism of neighborhood green space on residents' leisure-time physical activity in depth in combination with residents' attributes is helpful to guide more residents to participate in leisure-time physical activity， accordingly helpful to improve the level of urban health. Taking 26 typical communities in Guangzhou as examples， this paper analyzes the relationship between neighborhood green space and leisure-time physical activity by constructing multiple generalized hierarchical linear models and explores the mediating role of residents' attributes in it. The results show that the neighborhood green space can noticeably promote the residents' leisure-time activity， but the promoting relationship is moderated by the residents' social support. Although both the greening rate and the number of fitness facilities in the neighborhood scale promoted the residents' leisure-time activity， the increase in the number of friends who like sports only enhanced the promoting effect of the greening rate， which in turn weakened the promoting effect of the increase of the number of fitness facilities on the residents' leisure-time activity. This paper suggests that the community should encourage community members to care about and participate in fitness activities， and at the same time， make full use of or even expand the green space， pay attention to timely checks and fully configure the fitness facilities in the neighborhood， so as to maximize the health benefits of the neighborhood green space and promote the residents to achieve leisure physical activity.关键词：leisure-time physical activity;neighborhood green space;personal attributes;generalized hierarchical linear model;mediating effect;Guangzhou
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：This study analyzes the pollution properties of ozone（O3） and their relationship with meteorological factors， and classifies the synoptic weather on O3 pollution using observed O3 and relevant meteorological data in Foshan city during 2017-2019. The results show that the O3 pollution was deteriorating， generally with the summit in September and October， followed by May to June. The diurnal variation of O3 shows a “single peak” distribution characteristic， which generally reaches its peak at 15：00. The spatial distribution indicates that the O3 pollution is relatively heavy in southern Foshan. Ozone（O3） shows a positive correlation with the total daily radiation， the maximum daily temperature， and the daily averaged temperature； in contrast， a negative correlation with the daily averaged relative humidity， the daily accumulated precipitation， the rainfall duration， and the wind speed. The O3 pollution preferentially occurs when the total radiation amount is higher than 10.1 MJ/m2， the maximum daily temperature is higher than 24.3 ℃， west wind and the wind speed is lower than 5 m/s. The impacts of rainfall on O3 pollution depend on the duration and occurrence time of rainfall； short-term rainfall and rainfall at night cannot mitigate O3 pollution. Among the 8 patterns of the synoptic systems inducing O3 pollution， the subtropical high， the typhoon periphery， the uniform pressure field， and the week ridge of high pressure induce the most O3 pollution events and the highest pollution concentration in Foshan. It is aware that the dominant synoptic weather patterns inducing O3 pollution vary seasonally： only a few synoptic patterns induce O3 pollution in summer and winter； while all patterns can worsen O3 pollution in spring and autumn.关键词：ozone（O3）;pollution characteristics;meteorology;synoptic systems classification
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Using hyperspectral data and Sentinel-2A remote sensing image data, the continuum removed (CR) method was adopted to extract and analyze the distinguishable characteristics of typical vegetation species including Populus nigra var. thevestina (Dode) Bean, Elaeagnus angustifolia, and Phragmites australis in the west shore of Bosten Lake. The typical vegetation covering in the study area was classified and identified by Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM). The results show that three vegetation species are identified 58.47% by SAM and 79.12% by CR-SAM. The detailed characteristics of vegetation spectrums are highlighted and the influence of environmental background on vegetation spectrums is reduced by CR-SAM. The overall accuracy of the CR-SAM classification result is 70.50%, which is 17.5% higher than that of the SAM classification method; the Kappa coefficient increases from 0.32 in SAM to 0.66 in VR-SAM, indicating that CR-SAM satisfies the accuracy requirements better than SAM in the process of image classification. Among the three vegetation species, Populus nigra var. thevestina (Dode) Bean distributes strictly on both sides of the roads and covers an area of 3.98 km2 and 2.01% of the total area of the study area; E. angustifolia distributes mainly in the transitional zones between wetlands and cultivated lands and covers an area of 19.76 km2 and 9.98% of the total area; Ph. australis distributes commonly in the lakeside wetlands and along the lower reaches of the Kaidu River, and covers an area of 174.26 km2 and 88.01% of the total area.关键词：vegetation classification;sentinel-2A remote sensing data;hyperspectral data;continuum removed;spectral angle mapper;lakeside zone
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Crude exopolysaccharide （PEP） from Parabacteroides distasonis was obtained by extraction in water， precipitation in ethanol， deproteinization using Sevag reagent and decolorization by AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin.Using RAW 264.7 macrophage as a model， the immunomodulatory xactivity of PEP was investigated by MTT assay， Griess assay， DCFH assay， neutral red experiment and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The PEP was the exopolysaccharide extracted from Parabacteroides distasonis for the first time， and PEP was a heteropolysaccharide composed of mannose， rhamnose， glucose， galactose and fucose in a ratio of 19.35∶8.70∶5.24∶8.17∶1.00.Functional investigation showed that PEP could promote the proliferation of macrophages， increase the release of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species by macrophages， enhance the phagocytosis ability of macrophages， and promote the production of cytokines （IL-1β，IL-6，TNF-α） by macrophages at the gene level in a concentration-dependent manner. The results suggested that PEP possessed good immunomodulatory ability， providing a certain reference value for the development of PEP as a potential immune stimulant in the future.关键词：Parabacteroides distasonis;crude exopolysaccharide;immunomodulatory activity
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of miR-130a-3p in regulating aerobic metabolism in exercise endurance in mice. Ten of 3-week-old wild type （WT）， miR-130a-3p overexpression （130OE） and knockout （130KO） FVB male mice with similar growth performance were selected respectively for each group. Under the condition of high-fat diet feeding， the food intake of the mice was recorded every 3 days， the body mass was recorded once a week， the muscle strength and exercise endurance were measured in the 5th week， and the aerobic metabolism was measured in the 6th week. The results showed that compared with WT mice， the food intake of 130OE and 130KO mice were not significantly different， but the body mass gain of 130OE mice was significantly reduced （P <0.05）， while the body mass and body mass gain of 130KO mice were both higher than WT mice （P <0.05）. Compared with that of WT mice， CO2 production in 130OE mice increased significantly （P < 0.01）， while O2 consumption and CO2 production in 130KO mice decreased significantly （P < 0.01）. 130KO mice also had lower heat production than that of WT mice （P<0.01）. In terms of exercise endurance， the exercise endurance and distance of 130OE mice were increased （P<0.05） compared with WT mice， while those of 130KO mice were significantly decreased（P<0.01）. The results showed that miR-130a-3p overexpression can improve aerobic metabolism， reduce body mass， and enhance the effect of exercise endurance in mice， and provided a preliminary basis for further research on the regulation mechanism of miR-130a-3p on skeletal muscle energy metabolism and motor function.关键词：miRNA;miR-130a-3p;exercise endurance;aerobic metabolism
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Foliar fertilizers directly and indirectly act on insects living on plants through differential fertilizer effects and the effects on plant secondary metabolism， as a result， changing the development direction of the "plant-insect" interaction system， and affecting insect resistance and population development trends. The study investigated the comprehensive effects of homemade fermented bio-extract， commercial wood vinegar and mixtures on the green peach aphid and the host plant （small cabbage）， including： Observing the development of the green peach aphid population， measuring the activities of four detoxification enzymes in the green peach aphid， detecting the growth index as well as observing the growth and development process of Myzus persicae fed alone. The results showed that： （1） Fermented bio-extract application increased the biomass of the whole plant and the proportion of the root system， that is， the "bio-fertilizer" effect of the fermented bio-extract was obvious； the fermented bio-extract could also alleviate the effect of wood vinegar on reducing the chlorophyll content. The application of wood vinegar reduces the chlorophyll content of plants and increases the number of leaves. Plant inoculation reduces the number of leaves， increases leaf area， and dwarfs plants. （2） Fermented bio-extract had no significant effects on the number of aphid populations， and both wood vinegar and mixed solution treatments significantly reduced the number of various states of Myzus persicae， among them， the inhibition rate of the winged aphid was the highest， followed by the nymph aphid， which had the least effects on the adult aphid； In contrast， the inhibition rate of the mixed solution to each insect state was higher than that of the wood vinegar solution alone. （3） Both the fermented bio-extract and the wood vinegar significantly reduced the aphid yield of Myzus persicae，while the mixed solution decreased more. All treatments had an effect on the life table parameters of Myzus persicae. Among them， the fermented bio-extract had a lowering effect， the wood vinegar had a greater effect， and the mixed solution had the greatest effect. （4） Both fermented bio-extract and wood vinegar can reduce the activity of some anti-stress enzymes in Myzus persicae. In a word， both fermented bio-extract and wood vinegar as well as their mixtures can act as biological fertilizers on plants； when the mixture is applied， it has a better inhibitory effect on the various states of the green peach aphid， and can inhibit the growth of the peach aphid in the early stage and the winged growth of the peach aphid. Aphid differentiation played an obvious inhibitory role； fermented bio-extract and wood vinegar reduced the resistance of green peach aphid to chemical agents. The study provided new ideas for the treatment of green peach aphid resistance.关键词：fermented bio-extract;wood vinegar;peach aphid;plant;anti-stress enzyme
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：The mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. GXIMD00016 was fermented by using rice medium. The metabolites were isolated by the chromatography technology and seven compounds were obtained. By analyzing MS and NMR spectroscopic data，their structures were identified as aculeatusquinone A （1）， aculeatusquinone C （2）， roseopurpurin A （3）， myxotrichin C （4）， 2，7-didechlorovicanic （5）， atraric acid （6） and 2，5-dimethyl-1，3-benzenediol （7）. Besides， compound 5 was a new natural product， and compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from Aspergillus sp. for the first time. The inhibitory effects of compounds 1-3 and 5-7 on lipopolysaccharide （LPS） induced NO production were evaluated in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that compounds 1-3 had a significant anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values ranging from 16.68 to 28.15 μmol/L.关键词：mangrove endophytic fungus;secondary metabolites;Aspergillus;anti-inflammatory;benzoquinone
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Under hydrothermal conditions， 5-（hydroxymethyl）isophthalic acid （H2HIPA） and Co（Ⅱ） ions were reacted with 3,5-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine (3,5-DIP) and 1,1′-(5-methyl-1,3-phenylene）bis（1H-imidazole） (1,1′-MPBI) to synthesize two new coordination polymers [Co(HIPA)(3,5DIP)]n(1) and [Co(HIPA)(1,1′-MPBI)]n(2). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that complex 1 belongs to the P-1 space group of the triclinic crystal system, and complex 2 belongs to the monoclinic crystal system P21/c space group. Due to the use of the same metal ions, the Co(II) ion centers of complexes 1 and 2 exhibit similar tetrahedral coordination configurations, while the H2HIPA ligands could interact with 3,5-DIP or 1,1′-MPBI as organic connectors, constructing two two-dimensional layered structures respectively. They have three-dimensional supramolecular compounds with sql network and double interspersed framework through π-π stacking. In addition, through solid UV-Vis and Mott-Schottky tests, it was found that complexes 1 and 2 belong to semi-conductive materials, which have a strong absorption effect on ultraviolet-visible light and can accelerate the degradation rate of acid yellow dyes.关键词：cobalt（Ⅱ） complex;5-（hydroxymethyl）isophthalic acid;photocatalytic performance;semi-conductive material;three-dimensional supramolecule
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：The microstructure evolution dominates the complicated phase transformation and plastic deformation of NiTi shape memory alloys （SMAs）. In the present study， the effects of grain boundary energy and initial micro-defects on the mechanical behavior of NiTi are investigated through molecular dynamics simulation. It is found that the grain boundary energy is one of the main controlling factors for the phase transformation behavior of NiTi. The martensite transformation stress decreased with the decrease of grain boundary energy. In addition， NiTi alloys with initial edge dislocation mainly experience B19 plastic deformation. Moreover， under initial Ti-vacancy defects and screw dislocation condition， the competition of phase transformation and plastic deformation is observed. The difference is the dominated the plastic deformation modes of NiTi. NiTi with initial Ti-vacancy mainly experiences dislocation slide while NiTi with initial screw dislocation mainly experiences twinning deformation.关键词：NiTi shape memory alloys;grain boundary;micro-defects;phase transformation
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：A simulation platform for travel reservation in urban road based on SUMO is developed to explore the change of traffic benefit brought by travel reservation. In order to realize the simulation of real traffic operation scenario under the reservation mechanism， the simulation platform takes real travel demand as the input of non-reserved traffic flow， and uses the real-time path planning algorithm based on A* algorithm to plan the path for reserved vehicles. Based on the simulation platform， the change of travel benefits at individual level and system level in the case of mixed driving between reserved vehicles and non-reserved vehicles is studied. Simulation results show that： （1） travel reservation can greatly alleviate traffic congestion； （2） with the increase of reservation rate， travel benefits increase， but their overall growth trend decrease； （3） promoting travel reservation for key promotion objects which include group passing regularly through the bottleneck and group traveling long distances， travel efficiency can be greatly improved.关键词：intelligent transportation system;travel reservation;traffic simulation;travel benefits
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：In order to realize the rapid prediction of surface explosion yield， the surface explosion yield prediction methods were discussed on the basis of empirical and semi-empirical acoustic models， taking into account the influence of ground reflection and ground coupling. Furthermore，the seismic model was combined with acoustic models as seismoacoustic analysis method to analyze the prediction accuracy of surface explosion yield. The results show that the ground coupling affects the prediction accuracy of surface explosion through acoustic methods， and the predicted yield values of soil medium without considering ground coupling are obviously smaller than the true ones. Secondly， the combined seismic data can provide additional constraints which can reduce the trade-off of height-of-burst （depth-of-burial） and yield with high prediction accuracy of yield. Finally， seismoacoustic analysis by adopting IPM（improved parametric models） acoustic model and near-surface acoustic model has the best performance on the prediction accuracy of yield in all analyzed models.关键词：surface explosion;yield prediction;acoustic model;seismoacoustic analysis;acoustic coupling coefficient
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Anderson acceleration method is a kind of method to improve the convergence speed of fixed-point iteration. The relaxation parameter is generally in the interval （0，1］， and is selected as 1 in most cases. This paper expanded the selection range of the relaxation parameter. Taking the Picard iteration of solving the nonlinear diffusion equation as an example， the effect of the relaxation parameter selection method was compared. The numerical results show that the appropriate relaxation parameter can effectively improve the convergence speed of the Anderson acceleration method.关键词：iterative methods;Anderson acceleration;nonlinear diffusion equations;parameter selection
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：The image contains rich scene environment information. The laser has excellent ranging accuracy and reliability， which can be used to supplement the depth information of the scene in two-dimensional image. A monitoring method of camera and laser fusion is proposed by the complementarity of image information and laser in this paper. Based on the target plane equation and the deflection angle of the camera field of view， the conversion method from the two-dimensional pixel coordinates of the target object to the three-dimensional space coordinates is established. The automatic monitoring of target surface subsidence is realized in the health monitoring task of infrastructure structure. The proposed automatic surface subsidence monitoring method is verified by experiments. The average relative error of the experimental results is 4.6%， and stable monitoring results can be obtained at different monitoring distances.关键词：surface subsidence;structural health monitoring;camera and laser fusion;photogrammetry;image processing
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：In this study， molecular dynamics （MD） simulations were performed to simulate NaCl-MgO based nanofluid at microscopic level. We have studied the thermophysical properties of NaCl-MgO based nanofluid and the enhancement mechanisms of thermal properties via thermal conductivity， specific heat capacity， number density distribution and coordination number calculations. Simulation results indicates that the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of the NaCl-MgO based nanofluid are improved after adding MgO nanoparticles to NaCl molten salt. Based on the analysis of microscopic structures at the NaCl-MgO solid-liquid interface， we found that NaCl molten salt can form ordered adsorption layers at the surface of MgO nanoparticles， and this is directly related to the enhancement of thermophysical properties of nanofluids.关键词：molecular dynamics;molten salt;nanofluid;thermal conductivity;specific heat capacity;interface
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Lithium manganate batteries （LiMn2O4） for electric bicycles were used as the research object. The thermal runaway behavior of LiMn2O4 battery under different overcharge rates was investigated by combining theoretical analysis and experiments. The results showed that the battery reached thermal runaway faster under high overcharge rate， and the average time to reach thermal runaway under 3C overcharge rate was 233.4% shorter than that under 1.5C overcharge rate. The effect of overcharge multiplier on the battery was mainly reflected in the two stages of slow temperature rise and fast temperature rise， and the control measures should intervene in these two stages.关键词：electric bicycles;lithium manganate battery;thermal runaway;overcharge
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：In this paper， a ng-scale low-noise seismometer based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems （MEMS） technology has been introduced. The seismometer developed using MEMS technology presents the characteristics of an acceleration detector， with extremely low inherent noise， high vector fidelity and incredibly low frequency response. Like the commercialized Nanometrics Trillium Compact seismometer， except that the spring vibrator structure of the MEMS seismometer is processed by silicon-based penetration etching. The MEMS seismometer vertical device uses a spring-structure pre-stretch design to overcome the gravity of 1 g on Earth， so that the inspection mass is in the working point position during normal operation. Significantly， based on the fringe-effect of the capacitive displacement transducers， the instrument has a measurement resolution equivalent to that of a commercial seismometer within the same bandwidth range. So that it has a measurement resolution equivalent to that of a commercial seismometer and can detect the earth tremors in our cave laboratory. The co-spectrum correlation analysis method is used to process the data recorded by the MEMS seismometer and the commercial seismometer at the same time， showing the evaluated noise floor of the proposed MEMS seismometer lower than 1×10-8 m/s2/√Hz@0.1-10 Hz （1 ng/√Hz@0.1-10 Hz）. The developed MEMS seismometer in our lab has successfully recorded the earthquake with a magnitude of 4.9 happened in Xiaogan， Hubei at 18：36 on December 26， 2019， preliminarily proving that the MEMS seismometer has seismic monitoring capabilities. The working principle of the MEMS seismometer， the structure， process processing and static noise test， environmental adaptability test， and the development of the principal prototype are introduced in detail in this paper.关键词：MEMS seismometer;low-noise;seismic monitoring
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Aiming at the requirements of lightweight and large offset tolerance of UAV wireless charging system with lithium battery load， a wireless charging primary-side control technology based on parity-time symmetry is proposed. This control method does not need communication and secondary side control， and simplifies the structure of the pickup end. First of all， the PT symmetric wireless charging system is modeled by using circuit theory. Next， the primary side control algorithm of lithium battery segmented charging is proposed， and the control flow is clarified. Finally， an experimental prototype is built to verify the feasibility of primary side control. The system can realize 1C fast charging of 65 W UAV within the range of dislocation of more than 80 mm， and the maximum charging efficiency is about 90%.关键词：unmanned aerial vehicle;wireless charging;parity-time symmetry;sectional charging of lithium battery
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：In this study， damage analysis of a subgrade cantilever retaining wall was conducted based on the FEM-Peridynamics coupling method. In this method， only the damage zone is required to be discretized into Peridynamics particles such that the overall structure and the local failure can be simulated simultaneously from the intact to the complete failure states. Numerical examples about an L-shape cantilever retaining wall is thoroughly simulated. The analysis results demonstrate that： （1） the cantilever wall rotates along its bottom. The wall is mainly subjected to the horizontal loadings and it belongs to a bending member. （2） a large tension stress occurs in the internal turn point of the L-shape， which results in a 6 cm-long crack. Stress concentrations and stress redistributions appear in the damage zone evidently. （3） under the same conditions， the counterfort retaining wall has a small tension stress， i.e.， it decreases by 80% compared with the subgrade cantilever retaining wall. In this case， no crack occurs. Therefore， designing a counterfort is one of effective measures to ameliorate the loading condition and to prevent cracks of the retaining wall.关键词：retaining wall;damage analysis;peridynamics;finite element method
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：We construct an example of a non-normal 2-transitive 7-valent Cayley graph on the alternating group
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Using the spectrum introduced by the property of topological uniform descent， we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for which the property
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发布时间：2023-11-01 - 摘要：Topological pressure is a core concept of dynamic systems and ergodic theory， which plays an important role in the study of thermodynamic formalism. As the physical process evolves， it is natural for the evolution process to produce changes or some errors in the orbit calculation. However， a self-adaptable system should decrease errors over time. In this paper， we introduce two definitions of topological pressure of free semigroup actions under a mistake function by using C-P structure and prove that they are equivalent. Furthermore， we show that the topological pressure of free semigroup actions under a mistake function on a non-compact subset is equivalent to the topological pressure of free semigroup actions of the subset without mistake function. As an application， we use the above theorem to show that the topological pressure of free semigroup actions defined by mean metric is equivalent to the topological pressure of free semigroup actions defined by Bowen metric.关键词：free semigroup actions;topological pressure;mistake function;mean metric;C-P structure
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发布时间：2023-11-01
Research articles
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