ZHANG Yanling,WANG Mengshou,HONG Liu.On solving stiff differential equations in system biology with neural networks[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2024,63(06):265-274.
ZHANG Yanling,WANG Mengshou,HONG Liu.On solving stiff differential equations in system biology with neural networks[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2024,63(06):265-274. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.ZR20240116.
On solving stiff differential equations in system biology with neural networks
在系统生物学的研究中,由于所研究问题的复杂性和多尺度性,经常会遇到刚性方程的求解. 而近年来,神经网络和深度学习的发展为上述问题提供了新的解决思路和方法. 本研究以经典的Belousov-Zhabotinsky (B-Z) 反应和Van der Pol(VdP)方程为例,对四类非时序神经网络,包括全连接网络、残差网络、改进的残差网络和深度混合卷积网络,以及三类时序神经网络,包括循环神经网络(RNN)、长短时记忆网络(LSTM)、注意力机制进行了系统比较. 实验结果表明:时序神经网络应用于刚性问题的求解精度和计算时间都大幅优于非时序神经网络,而四类非时序神经网络之间的表现并无显著差异. 此外还将常微分神经网络(ODE-Net)应用于上述刚性问题,并观察到在极短的计算时间内,该方法能够达到极高的精度. 本研究为应用神经网络解决系统生物学中各类刚性问题提供了参考和指导.
Abstract
Stiff differential equations are very common in system biology, due to the intrinsic complexity and multi-scaling nature of the systems under study. In recent years, a variety of neural-network-based methods suitable for solving stiff differential equations have been proposed. In this study, the performance of four non-temporal neural networks, including fully connected networks, residual networks, improved residual networks, and deep mixed convolutional networks, as well as other three temporal neural networks, including recurrent neural networks(RNN), long short-term memory networks(LSTM), and attention mechanisms, are compared systematically with respect to the stiff Belousov-Zhabotinsky(B-Z) reaction and Van der Pol(VdP) equations. Extensive numerical results indicate that for solving stiff problems the accuracy of temporal neural networks is much higher than that of the non-temporal neural networks, the running time of the former is also shorter. Meanwhile, among the four types of non-temporal neural networks, no significant difference is observed. Finally, it is found that the neural ordinary differential equations(ODE-Net) can achieve extremely high accuracy within very little computational time when applying to stiff ordinary differential equations. This study provides insightful guidance for using neural networks to solve stiff differential equations in system biology.
关键词
系统生物学刚性微分方程神经网络常微分神经网络
Keywords
system biologystiff differential equationsneural networksODE-Net
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